Self-examination:
Three minutes that
could save your life.
Testicular cancer is the most common cancer in young men, but if detected early, it is almost always curable (with a success rate of over 95%). A regular self-exam takes just a few minutes and could determine your future. Learn how to perform a self-exam.
Do you know
how to carry out
a self-examination correctly?
Self‑examination is very simple, yet it is the most important step in the early detection of a testicular tumor. It takes only 2–3 minutes, but it can determine your future life and health.
Observation
Start by visually inspecting the groin and scrotum area. Look for any asymmetry or changes in appearance. Bear in mind that the left side of the scrotum is naturally lower than the right.
Palpation of the testicles
Examine each testicle separately. Gently pull each testicle forward using the thumb and index finger of one hand and carefully palpate it with the other hand.
Checking the structure
Examine the consistency of the surface of the testicle. Look out for any hardening, lumps or unevenness. If you notice any changes, consult a doctor.
Palpation of the vas deferens/sperm duct
Finally, palpate the sperm duct, which is a firm, movable cord that protrudes from the epididymis. Its presence is normal.
If you feel a lump or have a swollen testicle – pain in the testicle, lower abdomen – visit your nearest urologist immediately. You can find the complete procedure and process on the Patient’s Journey.
Testicular Cancer:
What You Should Know
Although testicular cancer is rare, it most commonly affects young men. If detected early, it is almost always curable. Read on to learn more about the causes, symptoms and treatment options.
Six signs that may
indicate testicular cancer:
Lump
in the testicle
The most common symptom of testicular cancer is a lump that you can feel during a regular self-examination.
Pain in the testicle
Even if you cannot feel a lump, pain in the testicle may be a warning sign that a tumour is forming inside.
Increase in testicle size
An increase in testicle size is an important warning sign, just like the presence of a lump or pain in the testicle.
Lower back pain
Testicular cancer often spreads through the lymphatic system. The first site of metastasis is usually the intra-abdominal lymph nodes, which can cause lower back pain.
Enlargement and sensitivity of the mammary glands
This unusual symptom may occur when cancer causes an increase in the level of the hormone HCG, known in women as the pregnancy.
Difficulty breathing and coughing
If you find yourself becoming breathless more easily than usual, or if you have a cough that won’t go away, it could be a sign that the cancer has spread to your lungs.
„Although testicular cancer is most common in young men, it is one of the most treatable cancers when detected early.“
Assoc. prof. Michal Chovanec, MD, PhD.